{"id":99302,"date":"2026-10-06T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sellaresga.com\/?p=99302"},"modified":"2026-09-10T13:39:29","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:39:29","slug":"la-gestio-de-contrasenyes-en-lempresa-una-obligacio-de-seguretat-per-a-totes-les-organitzacions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sellaresga.com\/ca\/la-gestio-de-contrasenyes-en-lempresa-una-obligacio-de-seguretat-per-a-totes-les-organitzacions\/","title":{"rendered":"La gesti\u00f3 de contrasenyes en l&#8217;empresa: una obligaci\u00f3 de seguretat per a totes les organitzacions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Encara que les contrasenyes s\u00f3n la primera l\u00ednia de defensa enfront dels accessos no autoritzats a la informaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una empresa, continuen sent un dels punts m\u00e9s febles de la seguretat que es detecten en moltes organitzacions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;\u00fas de claus senzilles, la reutilitzaci\u00f3 de la mateixa contrasenya en diferents serveis o l&#8217;intercanvi de credencials entre persones de la plantilla continuen sent pr\u00e0ctiques habituals que incrementen considerablement el risc de patir una bretxa de seguretat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Des de la perspectiva de la privacitat, una contrasenya no \u00e9s \u00fanicament un element t\u00e8cnic: forma part de les mesures de seguretat que tota organitzaci\u00f3 ha d&#8217;implantar per a protegir les dades personals que tracta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En definitiva, una adequada pol\u00edtica de gesti\u00f3 de contrasenyes \u00e9s una mesura essencial per a garantir la confidencialitat, integritat i disponibilitat de la informaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Les contrasenyes com a mesura de seguretat del RGPD<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;article 32 del RGPD obliga a les persones responsables i encarregades del tractament a aplicar mesures t\u00e8cniques i organitzatives apropiades per a garantir un nivell de seguretat adequat al risc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Encara que el Reglament no estableix com ha de dissenyar-se una contrasenya, s\u00ed que exigeix que les mesures adoptades siguin proporcionals al tipus d&#8217;informaci\u00f3 tractada i als riscos existents. Aix\u00f2 significa que no \u00e9s suficient amb assignar una clau d&#8217;acc\u00e9s a les persones treballadores; l&#8217;empresa ha d&#8217;implantar una pol\u00edtica de gesti\u00f3 de credencials que redueixi el risc d&#8217;accessos indeguts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En la pr\u00e0ctica, moltes bretxes de seguretat tenen el seu origen en el robatori o la filtraci\u00f3 de contrasenyes. Una \u00fanica credencial compromesa pot permetre l&#8217;acc\u00e9s a bases de dades de clients, historials m\u00e8dics, informaci\u00f3 financera o documentaci\u00f3 confidencial de l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L&#8217;error m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent: utilitzar contrasenyes febles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un dels principals problemes detectats en les nostres labors d&#8217;auditoria \u00e9s la utilitzaci\u00f3 de contrasenyes f\u00e0cils d&#8217;endevinar. Claus com: \u201c123456\u201d, \u201ccontrase\u00f1aempresa2026\u201d o el nom d&#8217;una persona treballadora continuen figurant entre les m\u00e9s utilitzades, a pesar que poden ser descobertes en pocs segons mitjan\u00e7ant atacs automatitzats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El RGPD estableix que la seguretat ha de dissenyar-se tenint en compte els riscos reals existents, la qual cosa obliga a evitar credencials previsibles o f\u00e0cilment associables a la persona usu\u00e0ria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cada persona ocupada ha de disposar de la seva pr\u00f2pia contrasenya<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una altra pr\u00e0ctica encara habitual consisteix a compartir usuaris i contrasenyes entre diverses persones treballadores. A vegades existeixen comptes gen\u00e8rics per a departaments complets o fins i tot credencials comunes utilitzades per tota la plantilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Des del punt de vista de la seguretat de la informaci\u00f3, aquesta pr\u00e0ctica dificulta el control d&#8217;accessos i elimina la possibilitat d&#8217;identificar quina persona ha accedit a la informaci\u00f3 o qui ha realitzat una determinada actuaci\u00f3 sobre les dades personals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;assignaci\u00f3 de credencials individuals constitueix una mesura b\u00e0sica de seguretat i facilita el compliment del principi de responsabilitat proactiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cada quant temps han de canviar-se les contrasenyes?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Durant anys es va recomanar modificar les contrasenyes peri\u00f2dicament cada poc temps. No obstant aix\u00f2, les recomanacions m\u00e9s recents d&#8217;organismes especialitzats, entre ells INCIBE, han evolucionat cap a un enfocament basat en el risc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obligar a canviar constantment les contrasenyes pot provocar l&#8217;efecte contrari al desitjat: les persones usu\u00e0ries acaben creant claus m\u00e9s senzilles o anotant-les en llocs insegurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Actualment resulta m\u00e9s recomanable exigir el canvi quan existeixi algun indici de comprom\u00eds, despr\u00e9s d&#8217;una bretxa de seguretat, quan una persona ocupada abandoni l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3 o quan la contrasenya deixi de complir els criteris de seguretat establerts per l&#8217;empresa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L&#8217;autenticaci\u00f3 multifactor: una protecci\u00f3 addicional<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cada vegada m\u00e9s organitzacions incorporen sistemes d&#8217;autenticaci\u00f3 multifactor (MFA o 2FA). Aquest mecanisme afegeix una segona verificaci\u00f3 a m\u00e9s de la contrasenya, com pot ser:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Un codi generat per una aplicaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Una clau de seguretat f\u00edsica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Una notificaci\u00f3 en un dispositiu corporatiu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Encara que una persona ciberdelinq\u00fcent aconsegueixi obtenir la contrasenya, continuar\u00e0 necessitant superar aquest segon factor per a accedir a la informaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquesta mesura resulta especialment recomanable per a accessos remots, serveis en el n\u00favol, correu electr\u00f2nic corporatiu i aplicacions que continguin dades especialment sensibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9s recomanable utilitzar gestors de contrasenyes?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;\u00fas de gestors de contrasenyes permet generar claus llargues, \u00faniques i aleat\u00f2ries per a cada servei sense necessitat de memoritzar-les. A m\u00e9s, redueixen considerablement la reutilitzaci\u00f3 de contrasenyes, una de les principals causes d&#8217;accessos no autoritzats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00f2 s\u00ed, la contrasenya mestra que protegeix el gestor haur\u00e0 de reunir un elevat nivell de seguretat i, sempre que sigui possible, complementar-se amb autenticaci\u00f3 multifactor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La import\u00e0ncia de formar a la plantilla<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La tecnologia per si sola no garanteix la seguretat. Moltes bretxes de seguretat es produeixen perqu\u00e8 una persona treballadora facilita involunt\u00e0riament les seves credencials despr\u00e9s de rebre un correu fraudulent o accedir a una p\u00e0gina web falsa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per aix\u00f2, el RGPD tamb\u00e9 exigeix adoptar mesures organitzatives, entre les quals destaca la formaci\u00f3 del personal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La plantilla ha de con\u00e8ixer, entre altres q\u00fcestions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Com identificar intents de phishing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La prohibici\u00f3 de compartir contrasenyes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La import\u00e0ncia de bloquejar l&#8217;equip durant les abs\u00e8ncies del lloc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El procediment per a comunicar un possible incident de seguretat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una plantilla formada constitueix una de les millors mesures preventives enfront dels atacs inform\u00e0tics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La gesti\u00f3 de les baixes de la plantilla<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un altre aspecte sovint oblidat \u00e9s la revocaci\u00f3 d&#8217;accessos quan finalitza la relaci\u00f3 laboral. Les empreses han de disposar d&#8217;un procediment que permeti desactivar immediatament els comptes de la persona que cessa en l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3, evitant accessos posteriors a informaci\u00f3 corporativa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00ed mateix, conv\u00e9 revisar peri\u00f2dicament els permisos assignats a cada persona usu\u00e0ria per a garantir que \u00fanicament pugui accedir a la informaci\u00f3 necess\u00e0ria per a l&#8217;acompliment de les seves funcions, en aplicaci\u00f3 del principi de m\u00ednim privilegi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Una pol\u00edtica de contrasenyes forma part del compliment normatiu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moltes organitzacions consideren la gesti\u00f3 de contrasenyes com una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 exclusivament inform\u00e0tica. No obstant aix\u00f2, des de l&#8217;entrada en vigor de la normativa de protecci\u00f3 de dades, s&#8217;ha convertit tamb\u00e9 en una obligaci\u00f3 jur\u00eddica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una pol\u00edtica adequada ha de regular aspectes com la creaci\u00f3 de credencials robustes, l&#8217;assignaci\u00f3 individual de persones usu\u00e0ries, l&#8217;\u00fas d&#8217;autenticaci\u00f3 multifactor, la revocaci\u00f3 d&#8217;accessos, la utilitzaci\u00f3 de gestors de contrasenyes i la formaci\u00f3 peri\u00f2dica de la plantilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En definitiva, una contrasenya segura no garanteix per si sola el compliment del RGPD, per\u00f2 una mala gesti\u00f3 de les credencials pot ser l&#8217;origen d&#8217;una bretxa de seguretat amb importants conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies econ\u00f2miques, reputacionals i legals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Implantar una pol\u00edtica de contrasenyes no sols redueix el risc d&#8217;atacs, sin\u00f3 que constitueix una mostra clara del comprom\u00eds de l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3 amb la protecci\u00f3 de les dades personals i la ciberseguretat.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Encara que les contrasenyes s\u00f3n la primera l\u00ednia de defensa enfront dels accessos no autoritzats a la informaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una empresa, continuen sent un dels punts m\u00e9s febles de la seguretat que es detecten en moltes organitzacions. L&#8217;\u00fas de claus senzilles, la reutilitzaci\u00f3 de la mateixa contrasenya en diferents serveis o l&#8217;intercanvi de credencials entre persones [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[178],"tags":[182,213,208,354,509],"class_list":["post-99302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informacio-ca","tag-assessors-2","tag-consultoria-2","tag-laboral-2","tag-legal-2","tag-proteccio-de-dades","entry","has-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - 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